Simple Pendulums in SHM

A simple pendulum consists of a point mass $m$ suspended by a massless string of length $L$ from a fixed pivot. When displaced from equilibrium by an angle $\theta$, a restoring torque acts to return the pendulum to its vertical position.

Determining Force Contributions

Two forces act on the bob: tension $T$ along the string and gravity $mg$ downward. The tension passes through the pivot, producing no torque. Only gravity contributes.

...